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Title	An Advanced Deep Reinforcement Learning Algorithm For Three-Layer D2D-Edge-Cloud Computing Architecture For Efficient Task Offloading In The Internet Of Things
ID_Doc	7415
Authors	Moghaddasi K.; Rajabi S.; Gharehchopogh F.S.; Ghaffari A.
Year	2024
Published	Sustainable Computing: Informatics and Systems, 43
DOI	http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.suscom.2024.100992
Abstract	The Internet of Things (IoTs) has transformed the digital landscape by interconnecting billions of devices worldwide, paving the way for smart cities, homes, and industries. With the exponential growth of IoT devices and the vast amount of data they generate, concerns have arisen regarding efficient task-offloading strategies. Traditional cloud and edge computing methods, paired with basic Machine Learning (ML) algorithms, face several challenges in this regard. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to task offloading in a Device-to-Device (D2D)-Edge-Cloud computing using the Rainbow Deep Q-Network (DQN), an advanced Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) algorithm. This algorithm utilizes advanced neural networks to optimize task offloading in the three-tier framework. It balances the trade-offs among D2D, Device-to-Edge (D2E), and Device/Edge-to-Cloud (D2C/E2C) communications, benefiting both end users and servers. These networks leverage Deep Learning (DL) to discern patterns, evaluate potential offloading decisions, and adapt in real time to dynamic environments. We compared our proposed algorithm against other state-of-the-art methods. Through rigorous simulations, we achieved remarkable improvements across key metrics: an increase in energy efficiency by 29.8%, a 27.5% reduction in latency, and a 43.1% surge in utility. © 2024
Author Keywords	Cloud computing; Device-to-Device communications; Edge computing; Internet of Things; Task offloading

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