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Title	An Ai-Based Evaluation Framework For Smart Building Integration Into Smart City
ID_Doc	7450
Authors	Shahrabani M.M.N.; Apanaviciene R.
Year	2024
Published	Sustainability (Switzerland), 16, 18
DOI	http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16188032
Abstract	The integration of smart buildings (SBs) into smart cities (SCs) is critical to urban development, with the potential to improve SCs’ performance. Artificial intelligence (AI) applications have emerged as a promising tool to enhance SB and SC development. The authors apply an AI-based methodology, particularly Large Language Models of OpenAI ChatGPT-3 and Google Bard as AI experts, to uniquely evaluate 26 criteria that represent SB services across five SC infrastructure domains (energy, mobility, water, waste management, and security), emphasizing their contributions to the integration of SB into SC and quantifying their impact on the efficiency, resilience, and environmental sustainability of SC. The framework was then validated through two rounds of the Delphi method, leveraging human expert knowledge and an iterative consensus-building process. The framework’s efficiency in analyzing complicated information and generating important insights is demonstrated via five case studies. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the effects of SB services on SC infrastructure domains, highlighting the intricate nature of SC, as well as revealing areas that require further integration to realize the SC performance objectives. © 2024 by the authors.
Author Keywords	artificial intelligence; evaluation framework; Google Bard; OpenAI ChatGPT-3; smart building; smart city

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