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Smart city article details
| Title | Financing Net-Zero Energy Integration In Smart Cities With Green Bonds And Public-Private Partnerships |
|---|---|
| ID_Doc | 26501 |
| Authors | Ma Z.; Pu D.; Liang H. |
| Year | 2024 |
| Published | Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments, 64 |
| DOI | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seta.2024.103708 |
| Abstract | This study investigates the convergence of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) with traditional grid systems, culminating in the development of smart grids. Orchestrated by electricity utilities, these smart grids offer innovative applications and services, generating substantial data earmarked for cloud-based processing. To reinforce sustainability in financing mechanisms, this research strategically incorporates digital twin technology, optimizing smart grid operations. Employing a fog computing approach, we focus on enhancing cloud data center efficiency at the cloud's edge. A comprehensive four-tiered framework is introduced to mitigate power shortages affecting utility companies and end-users within the context of net-zero energy integration. The cluster layer forms the foundation, interconnecting structures with the smart grid layer, acting as a vital link between the fog and cloud layers and the underlying infrastructure. A comparative analysis of load balancing algorithms, including the Artificial Bee Colony Optimizer (ABCO), Equilibrium Optimizer (EO), and Time-Varying ABCO (TVABCO), reveals TVABCO's superior response and processing times. These findings, aligned with green bonds and public–private partnerships, signify a crucial step towards sustainable energy integration in future smart cities. The integration of digital twin technology enhances precision and optimization, adding depth to this transformative journey. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd |
| Author Keywords | Cloud-fog computing; Digital twin; Energy management; Equilibrium optimizer; Load balancing; Smart city and smart grid |
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