Smart City Gnosys

Smart city article details

Title	Common Data Environment For Digital Twins From Building To City Levels
ID_Doc	14885
Authors	Yan J.; Lu Q.; Li N.; Chen L.; Pitt M.
Year	2025
Published	Automation in Construction, 174
DOI	http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2025.106131
Abstract	Digital twin (DT) technology is pivotal for advancing sustainable, liveable, and resilient smart cities. As DTs scale from building to infrastructure and city levels, data management remains a key challenge due to increasing data heterogeneity. This paper addresses this gap by defining a common data environment (CDE) that connects physical and virtual spaces with three enablers: data sources, data management with functional components (FCs), and data consumers. A systematic literature review (SLR) of 264 papers (from 14,532) analyses these enablers, identifying knowledge gaps and future directions. A prospective DT data ecosystem model is proposed to support city-level DTs (CDT) and federated sub-DTs, integrating informational, technological, functional, organisational, and user-centred features. The paper highlights the immaturity of current data environments in managing heterogeneous data for comprehensive DT applications. It provides state-of-the-art insights and practical recommendations to researchers, practitioners, and policymakers to enhance data management in diverse smart city scenarios. © 2025 The Authors
Author Keywords	City-level digital twin (CDT); Common data environment (CDE); Data ecosystem; Data management; Data sources; Digital twin (DT); Stakeholder

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