Smart City Gnosys

Smart city article details

Title	A Comprehensive Survey On Sharding In Blockchains
ID_Doc	993
Authors	Xi J.; Zou S.; Xu G.; Guo Y.; Lu Y.; Xu J.; Zhang X.
Year	2021
Published	Mobile Information Systems, 2021
DOI	http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5483243
Abstract	Blockchain technology has been widely used in many fields, such as smart cities, smart health care, and smart manufacturing, due to its anonymity, decentralization, and tamper resistance in peer-to-peer (P2P) networks. However, poor scalability has severely affected the widespread adoption of traditional blockchain technology in high-throughput and low-latency applications. Therefore, based on the three-layer architecture, this study presents a variety of solutions to improve the scalability of the blockchain. As the scale of the network expands, one of the most practical ways to achieve horizontal scalability is sharding, where the network is divided into multiple subnetworks to avoid repeated communication overhead, storage, and calculations. This study provides a systematic and comprehensive introduction to blockchain sharding, along with a detailed comparison and evaluation for primarily considered sharding mechanisms. We also provide the detailed calculations and then analyze the characteristics of existing solutions along with our insights. © 2021 Jinwen Xi et al.
Author Keywords

Similar Articles

Id	Similarity	Authors	Title	Published
10294	0.882	Alramouni S.; Alkassim N.	Architecture Design Of Scalable Blockchain In Iot Smart Cities	Proceedings IMCIC - International Multi-Conference on Complexity, Informatics and Cybernetics (2025)
45121	0.865	Li Y.; Luo X.; Zhao W.; Gao H.	Reputation-Based Stable Blockchain Sharding Scheme For Smart Cities With Iot Consumer Electronics: A Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach	IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, 70, 3 (2024)
38042	0.865	Tian J.; Tian J.; Du R.	Mslshard: An Efficient Sharding-Based Trust Management Framework For Blockchain-Empowered Iot Access Control	Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing, 185 (2024)
20788	0.865	Niya S.R.; Beckmann R.; Stiller B.	Dlit: A Scalable Distributed Ledger For Iot Data	2020 2nd International Conference on Blockchain Computing and Applications, BCCA 2020 (2020)
4384	0.865	Khan B.U.I.; Goh K.W.; Zuhairi M.F.; Putra R.R.; Khan A.R.; Chaimanee M.	A Scalability Enhancement Scheme For Ethereum Blockchains: A Graph-Based Decentralized Approach	Engineering, Technology and Applied Science Research, 14, 6 (2024)
8911	0.861	Rastogi H.	An Overview Of Blockchain Technology: Architecture And Consensus Protocols	Smart City Infrastructure: The Blockchain Perspective (2022)
22084	0.855	Liu Y.; Qian K.; Wang K.; He L.	Effective Scaling Of Blockchain Beyond Consensus Innovations And Moore'S Law: Challenges And Opportunities	IEEE Systems Journal, 16, 1 (2022)
45111	0.854	Bu X.; Wu J.; Li G.	Repshardchain: A Reputation-Based Sharding Blockchain System In Smart City	2022 2nd International Conference on Intelligent Technology and Embedded Systems, ICITES 2022 (2022)
28981	0.853	Feng T.; Peng Z.; Zhang Y.; Li X.; Dong X.; Yu G.	Hichain: A Hierarchical Iot Permissioned Blockchain With Edge Cloud Architecture	Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) , 15438 LNCS (2025)
53750	0.851	Enaya A.; Fernando X.; Kashef R.	Survey Of Blockchain-Based Applications For Iot	Applied Sciences (Switzerland), 15, 8 (2025)