Smart City Gnosys
Smart city article details
| Title | Projects For Smart Cities: Ecosystems, Connected Intelligence And Innovation For The Radical Transformation Of Cities |
|---|---|
| ID_Doc | 43406 |
| Authors | Komninos N.; Tsampoulatidis I.; Kakderi C.; Nikolopoulos S.; Kompatsiaris I. |
| Year | 2022 |
| Published | Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies, 294 |
| DOI | http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1146-0_3 |
| Abstract | The aim of this paper is to shed light on projects transforming cities through smart systems, digital technologies, and e-services. The concepts of “smart city” or “intelligent city” appeared in the mid-1980s and since then an extensive array of articles and reports have been published. However, there is still fuzziness about what projects exactly make cities “smart”. This is primarily due to complexity, as smart technologies, IoT infrastructure, crowdsourcing platforms, user engagement, co-design, and new decision-making processes overlap, creating hybrid systems and complex environments in which humans, communities, and machines interact. To understand the projects that make cities smart, we combine a literature review of the smart city supply chain, surveys on smart city projects, and case studies of projects to whose design or development we have contributed. Using data from 20 smart city reviews, we identify how different cities have organised their smart city transformation through projects, tease out the core features of smart city projects, relationships between projects and technologies, and the typology of projects and architectures of integration. In the conclusion, we define the drivers of smart city projects and city smartness along three axes (city ecosystem, connected intelligence, innovation) and nine properties of those axes. We argue that more so than technology, the smart city transformation is determined by systems integrating physical infrastructure, platforms for user engagement, digital technologies, and e-services. System integration rather than smart technologies is the major driver for a radical transformation of city routines. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. |
| Author Keywords | Connected intelligence; Project; Smart city; Smart ecosystem; System integration |
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