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Smart city article details
| Title | Mitigating Voltage Violations In Smart City Microgrids Under Coordinated False Data Injection Cyberattacks: Simulation And Experimental Insights |
|---|---|
| ID_Doc | 37163 |
| Authors | Naderi E.; Asrari A. |
| Year | 2025 |
| Published | Smart Cities, 8, 1 |
| DOI | http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/smartcities8010020 |
| Abstract | Highlights: What are the main findings? Demonstrating the vulnerability of urban energy systems to coordinated cyberattacks targeting the voltage profile through simulation and experimental validations. Highlighting the negative impacts of systematic false data injection attacks while taking more than one objective function at a time. What is the implication of the main finding? Enhancing the reliability of smart city energy systems. Providing a basis for designing resilient smart grid infrastructures against cyber threats. This article investigates the impacts of coordinated false data injection attacks (FDIAs) on voltage profiles in smart microgrids integrated with renewable-based distributed energy resources (DERs), a critical component of urban energy infrastructure in smart cities. By leveraging simulation and experimental methods, a coordinated framework is developed for understanding and mitigating these threats, ensuring the stability of renewable-based DERs integral to modern urban systems. In the examined framework, a team of attackers independently identify the optimal times of two different cyberattacks leading to undervoltage and overvoltage in a smart microgrid. The objective function of each model is to increase the voltage violation in the form of either overvoltage or undervoltage caused by the corresponding FDIA. In such a framework, the attackers design a multi-objective optimization problem (MOOP) simultaneously resulting in voltage violations in the most vulnerable regions of the targeted microgrid. Considering the conflict between objective functions in the developed MOOP, a Pareto-based solution methodology is utilized to obtain a set of optimal solutions, called non-dominated solutions, as well as the best compromise solution (BCS). The effectiveness of the unified FDIA is verified based on simulation and experimental validations. In this regard, the IEEE 13-node test feeder has been modified as a microgrid for the simulation analysis, whereas the experimental validation has been performed on a lab-scale hybrid PV/wind microgrid containing renewable energy resources. © 2025 by the authors. |
| Author Keywords | false data injection attack (FDIA); hardware-in-the-loop (HIL); overvoltage; simulation and experimental validations; smart cities; undervoltage; urban energy systems |
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