| Abstract |
In recent years, current electrical power systems have been subjected to a strong and constant pressure to develop. This development, both for transmission and distribution networks, must be done in the presence of important but different requests. On the one hand, it is about the increase in the consumption of electricity (and here we can only mention the need to supply electricity to electric vehicles, which are more and more numerous) and on the other hand, it is about the need to integrate renewable energy sources into the electrical networks. There are, of course, other reasons that require the development of electrical networks, such as, for example, the need to ensure the best possible interconnection of national systems or solving the problems posed by the electricity markets. There are scientific concerns in the literature that treat all these aspects in detail [1-8]. In addition to all these problems, there are increasingly present concerns regarding the development of not only electrical networks but also gas or heat networks and, more recently, networks for hydrogen, considered as a vector energetically promising. From the point of view of development issues, there are many situations in which these three types of networks could be treated together, with multiple advantages brought by their unitary treatment, in a complex energy system [9-11]. Mathematical models will be further formulated for each of the components of the multi-carrier infrastructure that wants to be developed: the electricity network, the hydrogen transport network, and the heat supply network. Each of the models associated with these networks has its objective function and a set of technical and economic restrictions. For these models, the solution methods will be presented later. A unified mathematical model for the "Expansion and Optimization of Multi-Carrier Infrastructures" problem will then be presented, as well as some solution methods. © The Institution of Engineering and Technology and its licensors 2025. All rights reserved. |
