Smart City Gnosys
Smart city article details
| Title | Cube-Puf-Based Anonymous Mutual Authentication Protocol For Internet Of Vehicles |
|---|---|
| ID_Doc | 16791 |
| Authors | Shen A.; Tan W.; Jia C.; Chen Y.; Niu K.; Li C.; Zhang Y. |
| Year | 2025 |
| Published | IEEE Internet of Things Journal |
| DOI | http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/JIOT.2025.3586869 |
| Abstract | The Internet of Vehicle (IoV) is a core component of smart city development. However, data interactions between IoV entities involve personal privacy, and once maliciously attacked, they may threaten the stable operation of the entire transportation system. Traditional authentication protocols suffer from high computational and communication overheads and are vulnerable to various threats, including physical attacks, entity impersonation, and replay attacks. Moreover, due to their reliance on centralized trusted authority(TA), traditional protocols are prone to single-point failures, especially when handling large-scale vehicle access. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a lightweight mutual authentication protocol based on physical unclonable function(PUF), which not only ensures vehicle anonymity and traceability but also supports a pseudonym update function after authentication. The protocol employs an architecture in which the main TA(MTA) is responsible for registration and data storage, while the sub-TA(STA) handles authentication, thereby effectively mitigating the risk of a single-point failure. Additionally, to counter the exposure of a large number of challenge-response pairs in traditional PUF-based authentication—making them susceptible to machine learning(ML)-based modeling attacks—this paper introduces a CUBE-PUF scheme based on digital Rubik’s Cube and random numbers. This approach enhances response unpredictability and randomness. We conduct both formal and informal security analyses of the proposed protocol and rigorously verify its security using the ProVerif verification tool. Furthermore, comparative evaluations with existing protocols demonstrate that our approach significantly reduces communication and computational overhead while offering enhanced security. © 2014 IEEE. |
| Author Keywords | Anonymity; CUBE-PUF; Internet of Vehicle; Multi-TA; Mutual Authentication; Privacy Protection; ProVerif |
Similar Articles
| Id | Similarity | Authors | Title | Published |
|---|---|---|---|---|
43747  | 0.902 | Awais S.M.; Yucheng W.; Mahmood K.; Akram M.W.; Hussain S.; Das A.K.; Park Y. | Puf-Based Privacy-Preserving Simultaneous Authentication Among Multiple Vehicles In Vanet | IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 73, 5 (2024) |
| 28720 | 0.901 | Madububa Mbachu U.; Fatima R.; Sherif A.; Dockery E.; Mahmoud M.; Alsabaan M.; Khalil K. | Hardware Acceleration-Based Privacy-Aware Authentication Scheme For Internet Of Vehicles Using Physical Unclonable Function | Sensors, 25, 5 (2025) |
| 4593 | 0.896 | Halima N.B.; Alluhaidan A.S.; Khan M.Z.; Husain M.S.; Khan M.A. | A Service-Categorized Security Scheme With Physical Unclonable Functions For Internet Of Vehicles | Journal of Big Data, 10, 1 (2023) |
| 35265 | 0.875 | Li X.; Li M.; Xu L.; Xie J.; Shi R.; Feng H. | Lightweight Identity Authentication And Key Agreement Scheme For Vanets Based On Ssl-Puf | Scientific Reports, 15, 1 (2025) |
| 39922 | 0.874 | Shamshad S.; Saleem M.A.; Obaidat M.S.; Shamshad U.; Mahmood K.; Ayub M.F. | On The Security Of A Lightweight Privacy-Preserving Authentication Protocol For Vanets | Proceedings - International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Smart Systems, ICAIS 2021 (2021) |
| 1124 | 0.868 | Saleem M.A.; Li X.; Mahmood K.; Shamshad S.; Alenazi M.J.F.; Das A.K. | A Cost-Efficient Anonymous Authenticated And Key Agreement Scheme For V2I-Based Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks | IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 25, 9 (2024) |
| 16764 | 0.868 | Yao H.; Yan Q. | Cryptanalysis And Design Of Anonymous Authentication Protocol For Value-Added Services In Internet Of Vehicles; [面向车联网增值服务的匿名认证协议的密码分析与设计] | Jisuanji Yanjiu yu Fazhan/Computer Research and Development, 59, 2 (2022) |
| 43136 | 0.867 | Zhou Q.; Zeng Z.; Wang K.; Chen M. | Privacy Protection Scheme For The Internet Of Vehicles Based On Private Set Intersection | Cryptography, 6, 4 (2022) |
| 3800 | 0.866 | Kim C.; Son S.; Park Y. | A Privacy-Preserving Authentication Scheme Using Puf And Biometrics For Iot-Enabled Smart Cities | Electronics (Switzerland), 14, 10 (2025) |
| 14446 | 0.864 | Wu F.; Li X. | Cloud-Assisted Authentication Scheme Supporting Dynamic Pseudo-Identity For Autonomous Vehicles | Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technologies, 34, 5 (2023) |